What is a Christian?

What is a Christian? This is a question that is not easily answered. A Google query brings up some 20 million hits on the topic. They cover a wide range of anwers.

Merriam-Webster's dictionary defines the term Christian as "one who professes belief in the teachings of Jesus Christ." Historically, the term "Christian" was originally a derogatory term directed at believers in Jesus Christ by Jews who regarded them as a heretical sect of Judaism. It was used in the same derogatory manner as the term "Mormon" was hurled as an epithet at Christians who believed in the Book of Mormon in the 19th century. Over time, the usage changed as it lost its perjorative edge.

The Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance's Definition

The Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance (www.religioustolerance.org) cites several definitions of the term "Christian."

"--To conservative Protestants, a Christian is often defined according to their salvation status. Their definition is "true" to them, because it agrees with some of their foundational beliefs: that the Bible is inerrant, that salvation is by grace, and that one must be "born-again" to be saved and avoid eternal punishment in Hell.

"--To Roman Catholics, a Christian is often defined according to their baptism status. Their definition is "true" to them, because it agrees with their fundamental beliefs, including their understanding of the Bible, the declarations of many Church Councils, the statements of many popes, and their church's tradition.

"--To many in the very early Christian movement, a Christian was defined as a person who was baptized and proclaimed "Jesus is Lord." Their definition was "true" to them because it agreed with their understanding of their religious belief at a time when the Christian Scriptures (New Testament) had not yet been written and assembled.

"Each group has their own definition of "Christian" which agrees with their own beliefs about the nature of Jesus, God, church tradition, written text, evolved theology, the cultures in which they are implanted, etc. There appears to be no way to compromise on a single definition that is acceptable to all. One apparently cannot call on a higher power to resolve the problem, because there seems to be no way to assess the will of God on such matters. If there were such a method, then different definitions would have been harmonized centuries ago. People would simply have prayed to God and asked Him to define what a Christian is. Then, a consensus would exist today on the true meaning of the word "Christian."

There is no consensus on what the "correct" definition of "Christian" is. There is only a near consensus within individual faith groups.

"We realize that we are defining Christians in terms of being Christian. As one person e-mailed us, that is like defining a parrot as "something that has the characteristics of a parrot." But since there is no consensus on the definition of "Christian," there is no other choice. On the other hand, there is a general agreement about what a parrot -- or mountain, or car, or computer -- are."

The Pope's Definition

Pope Benedict XVI gave this definition of what a Christian is:

"Witnesses of the Risen Jesus": this definition of the Christian comes directly from the Gospel passage of Luke proclaimed today, but also from the Acts of the Apostles (cf. 1: 8, 22). Witnesses of the Risen Jesus. That "of" must be well understood! It means that the witness is "of" the Risen Jesus, that is, belonging to him, and exactly as such can render a valid witness to him, can speak about him, make him known, lead to him, transmit his presence." (Fourth National Ecclesial Convention, Bentegodi Stadium, Italy, Thursday, 19 October 2006)

CARM's Definition

The (anti-Mormon and anti-Catholic) Christian Apologetics Research Ministry or CARM says:

"Theologically speaking, a Christian is someone who has received the Lord Jesus as Savior (John 1:12), trusts Him alone for the forgiveness of sins (Acts 4:12), has put not trust in His [sic] own efforts (Isaiah 64:6) to please God, and repented from his/her sins (Mark 1:15). Experientially speaking, the life of a Christian does not consist only of theological knowledge....we have a living and open relationship with the Lord Jesus. We experience Him through His indwelling Spirit."

By this definition, Mormons totally qualify for the definition "Christian." However, CARM added the following to their definition with the intent of excluding Mormons. The next paragraph was added to the previous passage after I published a series of articles on S.P.A.M.

"I would like to note, that the Jesus of Mormonism (the brother of the devil), the Jesus of the Jehovah's Witnesses (an angel made into a man), the Jesus of the New Age (a man in tune with the divine consciousness), etc., cannot save you from your sins. Faith is only as good as who you put it in. Only the Jesus of the Bible can do that. Jesus is God in flesh, the creator. God is a trinity and Jesus is the second person of the trinity."

Focus on the Family's James Dobson on Whether Fred Thompson is Christian

Most discussions on the topic of what is a Christian are spent defining who or what is NOT a Christian. For example, USA Today ran an article about Focus on the Family's James Dobson's comment stating that he didn't think that presidential candidate and senator Fred Thompson was a Christian despite the fact that Thompson believed in Jesus and had a Christian baptism.

"...But it is telling that, even after learning that Thompson was baptized in the Church of Christ and that he considers himself a Christian, Dobson declined to disavow his earlier characterization of the would-be presidential contender. Rather, Focus on the Family's press release said, "We were pleased to learn from his spokesperson that Sen. Thompson professes to be a believer."

"That's not exactly a clear-throated affirmation of Thompson's Christianity. Indeed, the use of words such as "professes" and "believer" appear designed to cast doubt on his Christian designation.

"There's a lot more than semantics at play here. In fact, the question of what makes a Christian has set the evangelical movement apart from other Christian traditions from its inception in the 18th century. Early evangelical theologians such as John Wesley and George Whitefield introduced notions of "true religion" to distinguish their followers from "traditional" or "routine" religion.

"Evangelicals have always had a pretty narrow understanding of who is a Christian in the proper sense of the term," says University of Notre Dame historian Mark Noll. "Catholics and most Lutherans and Episcopalians would say that anyone who has been baptized is a Christian, but most evangelicals would not agree. They see baptism as an initiation ceremony that may or may not indicate the presence of true faith."

"That explains why it's commonplace today to hear evangelicals use the word "Christian" to refer exclusively to fellow evangelicals, as opposed to Catholics or members of mainline Protestant churches. Indeed, when asked whether Focus on the Family considered 2004 Democratic nominee John Kerry, a Catholic, to be Christian, Focus spokesman Gary Schneeberger said he'd rather not answer.

Anderson Cooper's Numbers on Christianity

CNN's Anderson Cooper said this in a commentary leading into a segment on Christianity and politics in America:

COOPER (voice-over): "The vast majority of the United States, more than 85 percent is Christian and two-thirds of us, a number that's climbing, consider America a Christian nation. But from there, the lines start to blur.

"According to a Baylor University study, about 34 percent of us -- fully 100 million Americans are Evangelical. That's an umbrella term covering dozens of denominations, as well as hundreds of independent churches.

"Evangelicals embrace a more literal view of the Bible. They feel a close, personal relationship with Jesus Christ and aren't shy about spreading the gospel.

"Twenty-two percent of us belong to mainline Protestant denominations like Episcopal and Presbyterian. These denominations take a more flexible approach to the bible. They don't see it necessarily as the literal Word of God.
In politics, they tend to lean to the left.

"There's also a specifically African-American strain of America Protestantism. It makes up 5 percent of the country. It's tied to the black experience and can be found in denominations like African Methodist, Episcopal or AME. Theologically, they're conservative like Evangelicals. Politically, however, they are not.

(On camera): "The largest single Christian denomination is Catholicism. Catholics comprise about 21 percent of the American religious landscape. They're highly concentrated in certain parts of the country, virtually invisible in others. Thirty-five percent of the Eastern U.S. is Catholic, but just 12 percent of the south. As for Evangelicals, geographically it is the reverse. They are big in the south. More than half of all people there are Evangelicals. But in the East, they are a small fraction, just about 13 percent.

"That lop-sidedness, however, may be changing. Evangelical numbers are growing across the nation. In total, more than half of us, about 56 percent attend church at least once a month; 43 percent attend nearly every week."

Are Catholics Christians?

There is no consensus even among Christians on what it means to be Christian. Are Catholics Christians? Apparently not. The CARM web site says:

"Are Roman Catholics Christians? They are if they have trusted in Jesus alone for the forgiveness of their sins. However, if they believe that the are saved by God's grace and their works, then they are not saved -- even if they believe their works are done by God's grace -- since they then deny the sufficiency of Christ's sacrifice.

"Being a Christian does not mean being a member of the Roman Catholic Church. It means being a member of the body of Christ which is accomplished by faith and trust in Jesus alone for the forgiveness of your sins. It means that you do not add your works to His work. Sincerity doesn't forgive sins. Membership in a church doesn't forgive sins. Doing works of penance doesn't forgive sins. Praying to Mary doesn't forgive sins. Forgiveness is received in the faithful trust and acceptance of Jesus' sacrifice on the cross. You must trust Jesus, God in flesh, for the forgiveness of sins, not a man made ritual and certainly not the catholic saints. Even though Roman Catholic Church affirms the Trinity, the deity of Christ, and His physical resurrection, it greatly errs in its doctrine of salvation by adding works to salvation.

"The official Roman Catholic doctrine of salvation is that the grace of God is infused into a baby at baptism -- making him/her justified before God.1 This justification can be lost through sin and must be regained by repeated participation in the many sacraments found in the Roman Catholic Church."

Chick Publications, an Evangelical publisher of numerous anti-Mormon and anti-Catholic tracts also has this online "pamphlet" that targets Catholics, stating that they are idolaters, satanic, and masonic. They also go as far as to identify the Roman Church as the "Mother of Abominations" in Revelation 17:5 and the Pope as the anti-Christ.

See the tract here: http://www.chick.com/reading/tracts/0071/0071_01.asp

Are Protestant Evangelicals Christians?

So apparently, Protestant Evangelicals believe that one billion Catholics (the largest Christian denomination) are "Christians" only inasmuch as they agree with Protestant Evangelical doctrines and interpretations of scripture. Let's look at the converse. Do Catholics believe that Protestants, including Evangelicals, are "saved" by virtue of their innovations on Christian doctrine? Speaking of the Protestant denominations that broke away from the Roman Catholic Church since the Protestant Reformation, the Vatican II Council declared in 1964:

"It follows that the separated Churches and Communities as such, though we believe them to be deficient in some respects, have been by no means deprived of significance and importance in the mystery of salvation. For the Spirit of Christ has not refrained from using them as means of salvation which derive their efficacy from the very fullness of grace and truth entrusted to the Church."

"Nevertheless, our separated brethren, whether considered as individuals or as Communities and Churches, are not blessed with that unity which Jesus Christ wished to bestow on all those who through Him were born again into one body, and with Him quickened to newness of life-that unity which the Holy Scriptures and the ancient Tradition of the Church proclaim. For it is only through Christ's Catholic Church, which is "the all-embracing means of salvation," that they can benefit fully from the means of salvation."

This is essentially ecumenical doublespeak. On one hand, the Vatican seeks to be perceived as tolerant and open to fellowship with other Christian sects, but the sticking point is baptism. Without a proper Catholic baptism, they don't believe other Christians will enjoy the benefit of being "born again into one body, and with Him quickened to a newness of life" proclaimed by the scriptures and ancient tradition. "Only through Christ's Catholic Church" can a Christian "fully benefit from the means of salvation."

In 2007, the Vatican issued a document reaffirming that “Christ ‘established here on earth’ only one church." Other churches “cannot be called ‘churches’ in the proper sense” because they do not have apostolic succession — the ability to trace their bishops back to Christ’s original apostles. (See http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/19692094)

So, when you ask Catholics if the Protestant denominations are Christians, the answer is, "Yes, so long as they have a proper Catholic baptism." Since most Protestant denominations regard baptism as entirely optional and the fact that their churches deny the need for apostolic succession of authority, most Protestants don't meet the Catholic criteria to be called Christians.

The Fallacy of "Biblical Christianity"

I'd like you to consider the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance's reply to the frequent assertion that, "A Christian is one who believes in Biblical Christianity."

"There is a problem with your definition, because "Biblical Christianity" has itself many meanings. The Jewish Christians -- the only Christians prior to the arrival of Paul in the late 30's -- under the leadership of James the brother of Jesus, rejected the virgin birth, regarded Jesus as a prophet, and rejected his deity. Most liberal Christians today also reject the virgin birth, and doubt that most of the miracles described in the New Testament actually happened. Mainline and liberal theologians generally interpret the Gospels as including many sayings and activities of Jesus that never happened; they were added by the anonymous authors in order to promote their faith group's evolving theology. Even the Jehovah's Witnesses and Mormons believe that they "know" what Biblical Christianity is all about, although they differ greatly from each other and from other wings of Christianity.

So "biblical Christianity" is a meaningless term. One can only talk about Mormon biblical Christianity, Jehovah's Witness biblical Christianity, Roman Catholic biblical Christianity, progressive biblical Christianity, mainline biblical Christianity, evangelical biblical Christianity, fundamentalist biblical Christianity, and others.

The Church existed before the Bible. The Bible is the product of the Church, not the other way around. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints stands unique amidst this confusion. We claim to be the restoration of the primitive Church established by Jesus and his apostles. Sectarian denominations reject us as "Christians" because we don't ascend from the ancient Nicene Council and the man-made creeds that were fashioned in the 3rd and 4th centuries. However, the true Christianity that Christ founded was fully formed before 325 A.D. It has been restored in its original state once again. "Biblical Christianity" would only be able to trace its roots to the first compilations to the Bible which was in the fourth century, some thirty years after the Nicene Council.

What is a Christian? Follow the Signs"

In the final analysis, Christians will be defined by the presence of the signs and gifts of the Holy Spirit in their lives. The Bible lists some of the attributes of those who have the Spirit of Christ: love, joy, peace, longsuffering, gentleness, goodness, faith, meekness, and temperance. These feelings are present when the Holy Ghost is present. The gifts of the Spirit that will follow true believers in Jesus Christ include the power to cast out devils, speaking in foreign tongues to facilitate the preaching of the gospel, protection against harmful serpents and poisons, and the ability to lay hands to heal the sick.

Thus, if I were to tell you how to identify a Christian, I would tell you to watch for the signs and gifts of the Spirit. If they are not present, then you may be sure that the Holy Spirit is not with that individual. If he or she doesn't believe that these gifts exist today, then you can safely assume that they don't possess those gifts. If a person denies the spirit of revelation and prophecy, which is the basis for a testimony of Jesus Christ, you may be assured that this person does not possess the testimony of Jesus.

Are Mormons the only people who possess these gifts today? No. The Spirit of God abides in varying measures upon all who profess a belief in Christ, depending on their faith in him and their worthiness to receive those gifts. The Spirit of God doesn't abide in "unholy temples." Disobedience to God's commandments and willful sin can drive away that Spirit. Believers who are taught by their denominations that revelation, spiritual gifts, prophecy, healing, etc. don't exist today are naturally less inclined to manifest those gifts. Those denominations that reject the need for divine authority are less inclined to seek after those gifts. Those sects that employ professional clergymen anticipate that God will bestow such gifts upon the hireling priests and don't anticipate that these gifts are available to the laymen and laywomen in their flocks.

Jesus said the way you would know his disciples is "by their fruits." Watch for the presence of these gifts and examine the dogma of the churches and see which ones experience them and which ones deny their existence. The presence of these gifts is the only sure way to define what is "Christian" and what is not.
Author: Greg West
Greg West is a National Examiner.

WNU Officers

AGUSTIN, SUZETTE A., Ph.D.

President

PEDROSA, EUGENIO JR. A., CPA

Vice President for Finance

BOLIVAR, ELMER

Vice President for Administration

VALENCIA, JOEL M., DM

Vice President for Academic Affairs
SY, TISHA ANGELI A.




ACHA, LOIDA G., MIM

Manager, Management Info. System

ARIOLA, SUSIE B., MA

Registrar

BAGUNDOL, MARIA CHRISTINA., MAT, MBA

Director, Human Resource Devt. Office

CABALLERO, NICHOLAS S., MS Crim.

Dean, College of Criminal Justice Education

CORREA, HELEN

Dean, College of Nursing & Allied Sciences



DESCUTIDO, NONY A., Ph. D.

Dean, College of Education

GABUYA, MARIO R., MA

Principal, Integrated School



HINAUT, CLEO GRACE T.,

Dean, College of Arts and Sciences


MARAÑON, DIOSCORO P., MSME

Dean, College of Engineering

MONCADA, JULIA V., Ph.D.

Dean, College of Business & Management

PARROCHO, MA. CHRISTINA GALEN G., CPA, MBA

Chief Accountant

TINGSON, NEIL P., MST-CS

Dean, College of Info. Comm. & Tech.

YNION, EUGENIO J., BSMT, Master Mariner

Dean, College of Maritime Studies





AGUSTIN, ANTHONY CARLO A.
Director, Sports Office

BOLIVAR, ELMER J., LI.B.

Director, Legal services

CABANES, MENALYN O., MSLS

Director, Library










CEBU, VLADIMIR M., BSC

Director, Alumni Info. & Public Relations Office
CERVANTES, VENADY S., MA

Director, Student Personnel Services

DELA CERNA, MA. LUNA C., MA

Director, Guidance Services Center





DEMONTEVERDE, VICTORIA

Associate Director, Ecogarden

ENCARNADO, ERNAN C., MA

Director, Office of Discipline & Security Services

ESLABON REY T., MST-M

Director, NSTP

FRANCO, ROBERTO JR. V., MPA, MBA-CAR

Assistant Accountant

JULOM, CHRISTINE P., MA

Director, Center for Cultural Arts
JULOM, PONCIANO O., MA

Director, Research Devt. & Extension Office

OCCEÑA, ELEAZAR A., Ph.D

Director, Center for English Language & Lit.










OCTAVIANO, GIL JR., N., Internal Med./ Nephrologist

Director, Health Services

OCTAVIO, DAISY MAE E, MA

Director, Center for Physical Education

QUILANTANG, ANA CECILIA S., CPA

Head, Office of Collection Management

SY, JEFFREY U.

Director, Asset Management Devt. Office

WNU- HISTORY

West Negros through the years....


An educational institution which is practically synonymous and a proud partner of Bacolod City for more than five decades already, West Negros University is a Bacolodnon and a Negrense enterprise through & through. Founded in 1948 by three Baptist women leaders, WNU is situated at Burgos Street, Bacolod City (city population of about 487,000 as of 1997). It is a second level accredited school by the Philippine Association of Colleges and Universities - Commission On Accreditation (PACU-COA) and awards degrees in associate, bachelor, master, and doctoral levels. With the past decade’s average of 10,000 students per semester, it graduates an average of 1,500 students a year making a sizable contribution to the city’s roll of young professionals in different fields. As WNU is poised on achieving its own place under the sun to face the challenge of the next millennium, it has already earned the title as... “The Community of Achievers.”


A Brief History

hree Christian women had a vision in the 1940's. As devastation of the war was felt and seen, a sense of hope and mission became the clear mandate for these visionaries, Luciana Aritao, Teresa Padilla and Rosario Remitio, to open an institution of learning.

July 1948 signaled the beginning of West Negros College as a co-educational institution embracing Christian ideals and tenets. It has since gone through decades of challenges that saw the pivotal entry of Leodegario Natividad Agustin in the 1970's who provided the impetus, despite financial odds, to make West Negros College an academic community of achievers. It continues to champion good value for quality education. Deserving students of meager means have gone through the portals of their alma mater to become successful in their chosen careers.



Ten Presidents have provided leadership to West Negros University since its founding:

1.) Atty. Serafin V. Aguilar
2.) Atty Vicente T. Remitio
3.) Mr. Segismundo E. Gelvosa
4.) Mr. Leodegario N. Agustin
5.) Mr. Leo A. Agustin
6.) Dr. Alfredo P. Catedral
7.) Mrs. Delia A. Espino
8.) Atty. Alex D. Espino
9.) Mr. Roem G. Agustin
10.) Atty. Alex D. Espino
11.) Mrs. Delia A. Espino
12.) Mr. Leo G. Agustin
13.) Dr. Suzette Lilian Arbolario Agustin 1949-1952
1952-1953
1954-1962
1963-1964
1965-1969
1969-1971
1971-1975
1975-1979
1979-1984
1985-1986
1986-1989
1990-1991
1991 to date

From its humble edifice at the Valentine Memorial Hall along Rosario and Juan streets to its presents campus along Burgos Street occupying four hectares of property, West Negros University is a symbol of resilience that has withstood trying times.

At the helm today is Dr. Suzette Lilian Arbolario Agustin who has embarked on building structures and upgrading facilities.

A renovated five-storey main building, an Engineering building now housing on its second floor the school's air-conditioned library, a covered-court, a completely renovated gymnasium - long been a landmark in the city since the 70's, a new maritime bridge deck, air-conditioned classrooms, new biological laboratories, nursing skills laboratories, wide student study area, renovated administrative offices and faculty rooms are all located in the main campus. The Integrated School has been transferred to the ERORECO campus since 1997 where the ecological garden continues to be expanded and developed.

On the rise are faculty and staff attaining their masteral and doctoral degrees and becoming credentialed educators through faculty development. More courses are being offered while colleges are in preparation for accreditation and re-accreditation. Readiness of Level III accreditation with PACUCOA is set while preparations are underway.

Bringing honors through the years are consistent passers and topnotchers in licensure examinations in Engineering Education, Accountancy, Criminology, Maritime and Nursing. A feat recently achieved was the 17 places in top 20 garnered in the November 2003 Nursing Board Examinations.

As the adage goes, because "I'm Wesnecan, I Can." That may very well be the contention as the Wesnecan gears towards fulfilling its dreams.

VAED121 COURSE OUTLINE

WEST NEGROS UNIVERSITY
City of Bacolod

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION


Course No. : VAED 121 Revision Date : June 2, 2008
Descriptive Title : Christian and Wesnecan Values Effectivity : S. Y. 2008 - 2009
Credit Units : ( 3 ) units

Course Description : This course is designed to develop and enhance the Christian and WESNECAN values of students. Its bases are the teachings from the Bible and other values–related literatures. It includes studies that would help the students become aware of their relationship with God and the WESNECAN community.

Course Objectives : This course is intended to assist students to discover and understand that human life is a gift from God and that it should be valued and treasured, and that being a WESNECAN involves certain responsibilities and expectations.

General Objectives :
1. The lessons are intended to help every WESNECAN student discover, understand & believe that God is his Almighty Creator and He is totally dependent on Him.
2. The students will have a clear understanding and recognition of their need to have faith in God.
3. To clarify the meaning of these spiritual values in relation to God’s command and the blessings it brings to their lives.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES CONTENTS ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS TIME TABLE EVALUATION
At the end of the course, the students will be able to:

 Explain the vision, mission and objectives of the university and of the College of Education.
 Acquire sufficient knowledge of the grading system and other requirements.

Part I. Orientation
A. WNU Vision, Mission and Objectives
B. Vision, Mission and Objectives of the College of Education
C. Rules and Regulations of the university.
D. Grading System and Course Requirements


Lecture - Discussion

Ref.: Student Handbook






3 hours

Oral Recitation


Short Quiz



PRELIM
OBJECTIVES AND VALUES CONTENTS AND REFERENCES ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS TIME TABLE EVALUATION

1. Recognize and believe that all things are created by God.

2. Realize that human life is a gift from God and should be treasured.

3. Make a comparison of the Creation story and other creation theories.

Creation and the Value of Human Life
o The Creation Story in Genesis

o Brief discussion of the Big Bang Theory & Darwin’s Evolution Theory.


Students will interpret the creation account in Genesis through drawings.

Clippings on the Big Bang Theory and Darwin’s Evolution Theory.

3 hours
Quiz

Clippings and Reaction paper




4. Discuss the meaning and concept of stewardship.

5. Realize the importance of taking care what God has given them and what they can do to God in return.

Stewardship

o The meaning of the term stewardship.

o The Parable of the Talents

o Stewardship of God’s creation / Environmental concerns

Discussion
Seminar on Environmental
Issues c/o FOREST, Inc.

Trip to Eco-garden and Mini Zoo

1.5 hours

Quiz



Reaction paper
6. Present a clear concept of God being the Provider.

7. Appreciate and be grateful to God being the source of all the things we enjoy.

Divine Providence

o Definition of the term Divine Providence

o God’s Divine Attribute

o Providence as a function of Divine Sovereignty

Discussion


1.5 hours

Quiz
OBJECTIVES AND VALUES CONTENTS AND REFERENCES ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS TIME TABLE EVALUATION

8. Explain the concept of faith.

9. Identify the forms of faith and differentiate one from the other.

10. Realize that faith results in obedience.

Faith

o Definition of the term faith
o Three forms of faith
o The Stories of Abraham and Noah



Role Playing
Story Telling
Discussion
1.5 hours
Essay writing

Quiz
11. Know the relationship between submission and obedience.

12. Gain better knowledge and insight as to the importance of submission.

13. Evaluate the forms of obedience in relation to Gods command and appreciate the rewards God promised to those who obey. Obedience and Submission

o Definition of terms
o Rules of submission
o Forms of obedience
o Unacceptable forms of obedience
o The rise and fall of Israel as results of obedience and disobedience.



Discussion


1.5 hours


Quiz

14. Understand the concept of sin and realize their need to repent.

15. Explain the concepts of sin and repentance.

16. Discuss the concept of God’s forgiveness.

Repentance and Forgiveness

o Definition of the terms sin, repentance and forgiveness
o The parable of the Prodigal Son
o The parable of the Wicked Servant
o Discussion of the concept of sin and God’s command for repentance and forgiveness.




Lecture

Role Playing on the parables

Group Discussion


3 hours


Graded recitation
Quiz
OBJECTIVES AND VALUES CONTENTS AND REFERENCES ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS TIME TABLE EVALUATION


17. Recognize their worth as an individual creation of God.

18. Appreciate and be grateful for them being created by God.

19. Realize their need to relate meaningfully with other individuals around them.

Self-esteem and Self-acceptance

o Definition of self-esteem, self-acceptance, self-image and self-confidence

o Reasons why people struggle with a poor self- image

o The stories of David and Moses


Identifying the individual’s strengths and weaknesses


Discussion



1.5 hours


Quiz

Graded Recitation


20. Trace the origin of the Christmas celebration.

21. Identify the unique ways Filipinos celebrate Christmas.

22. Understand the real meaning why Christmas should be celebrated. Paskong Pinoy

o The origin of Christmas celebration

o The different traditions associated in the celebration of Christmas in the Philippines

o The Biblical accounts of the Birth of Christ


Discussion

Story telling


1.5 hours


Quiz





Prelim Examination
MIDTERM

1. Understand the concept of humility.

2. Emulate the humility of Jesus in their lives.
Humility

o Definition of the term

o Humility & Pride in the Book Proverbs.



Discussion

1.5 hours

Quiz

OBJECTIVES AND VALUES CONTENTS AND REFERENCES ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS TIME TABLE EVALUATION


3. Describe the concept of concern.

4. Tell when concern can be a positive or negative value.

5. Discuss the negative effects of too much concern.

6. Discover God’s promises when we are faced with problems.

Concern

o Definition and discussion of the concept of concern

o The stories of Samuel and Jonah




Discussion
Story telling

1.5 hours

Graded recitation



7. Understand the influence of man’s thought in his life specifically in his decision making.

8. Apply Biblical virtues in producing a wholesome thought pattern. Prudence / Critical Thinking

o Definition of the term prudence

o The attitude of Samson in each circumstances he got himself into


Film showing
“Samson and Delilah”


3 hours


Reaction paper



9. Discuss the concept of gratitude.

10. Develop an appreciative attitude towards God for the things they receive



Thankfulness / Gratitude

o Definition of the concept

o Apostle Paul’s thankful attitude in spite of the troubles he encountered.




Discussion


1.5 hours


Quiz
OBJECTIVES AND VALUES CONTENTS AND REFERENCES ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS TIME TABLE EVALUATION

11. Understand the deeper meaning of discipline in relation to his growth and his relationship with other people.

12. Differentiate between discipline and punishment
Self - discipline

o Definition of the term self - discipline

o Discussion of James 1:1 - 27



Lecture
Skit


1.5 hours


Graded recitation
13. Understand the concept of truthfulness and trustworthiness.

14. Know that being truthful results to being trustworthy. Trustworthiness and Truthfulness

o Definition of terms

o Caleb - Standing up for the truth even if it is unpopular (Numbers 13)




1.5 hours

Long Quiz


Midterm
Mass Examination
















WESNECAN VALUES
General Objectives:
1. The lessons will help every WESNECAN freshman assimilate the distinct WESNECAN values that are both explicitly and implicitly expressed in the WNC Vision, Mission and Institutional Objectives.
2. To make every freshman student proud of being a WESNECAN and cherish their decision of enrolling at WNC.
SEMI-FINAL
OBJECTIVES AND VALUES CONTENTS AND REFERENCES ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS TIME TABLE EVALUATION

1. Define the terms honesty and integrity.

2. Show how these values affect one’s growth and development as a person

3. Show God rewards the honesty and integrity.
Honesty and Integrity

o Definition of Honesty and Integrity
o Biblical standards for honesty and integrity
o The story of David and Bathsheba
o The story of Nestor Sulpico


Discussion

Internet research


1.5 hours


Quiz

Graded research work

4. Have a clear concept of loyalty.

5. Develop the value of a loyal to their school, family, friends, community and God.
Loyalty

o Definition of loyalty
o The story of Ruth and Naomi
o Jesus’ demand for loyalty


Lecture - Discussion

Gather clippings on Loyalty


1.5 hours


Quiz

Clippings

6. Define friendship and camaraderie.

7. Understand the basis for real friendship.

8. Learn the technique of developing friendships. Friendship and Camaraderie

o Definition of friendship and camaraderie
o Qualities of a potential friend.
o Techniques of developing friendship
o The story of David and Jonathan


Discussion

Research on success stories of friendship

1.5 hours

Quiz

Research work
OBJECTIVES AND VALUES CONTENTS AND REFERENCES ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS TIME TABLE EVALUATION

9. Define love.

10. Identify the kinds of love and differentiate one form the other.

11. Synthesize the characteristics of love.


Love

o Definition of Love

o Kinds of love

o Discussion of the Biblical concept of love (1 Cor. 13)



Discussion

Clippings on stories of love.


1.5 hours


Quiz

Graded Recitation


12. Explain what commitment is in relation to serving God and fellowmen.

13. Infer the benefits of having commitment and the consequences of having no commitment.

Commitment

o Definition of the term commitment

o What commitment to Christ means.

o Stories of people and their commitments



Discussion

Story telling


1.5 hours


Quiz

Graded recitation


14. Present a clear view of the value of conviction as it is defined in relation to the spiritual acts of men.

15. Prove the good effects for standing for one’s convictions
Conviction

o Definition of the term conviction

o The story of Daniel and his friend

o The temptation of Jesus



Discussion

Film showing “Crimson Tide”


3 hours


Quiz

Reaction paper


Semi-Final
Examination
FINAL
OBJECTIVES AND VALUES CONTENTS AND REFERENCES ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS TIME TABLE EVALUATION

1. Justify the principles of hard work illustrated in the Bible.

2. Appreciate the value of hard work and treasure its rewards.

Hard Work

o Definition of the term hard work

o Principles of hard work illustrated by Apostle Paul, Nehemiah and King Solomon




Lecture


1.5 hours


Quiz


3. Define resourcefulness and industry.

4. Show how these values affect one’s growth and development as a person.

5. Develop resourcefulness and industry in every endeavor.
Resourcefulness / Industry

o Definition of terms

o Story of Moses, Jochebed, Miriam and the Midwives (Ex. 1 & 2)


Lecture

1.5 hours

Quiz

6. Define diligence, determination and perseverance.

7. Appreciate how these qualities could help people succeed in their career. Diligence & Determination

o Definition of diligence and determination
o Activity (self-evaluation on diligence)
o Biblical principles on diligence vs. laziness
o Diligence and determination of Abraham Lincoln, Helen Keller and Galileo Galilei

Discussion

Interview a WESNECAN faculty or staff and write their success story.

Self – evaluation on diligence

Stories of Abraham Lincoln, Helen Keller and Galileo Galilee
3 hours
Quiz

Write-ups
OBJECTIVES AND VALUES CONTENTS AND REFERENCES ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS TIME TABLE EVALUATION

8. Define the concept of leadership and excellence.

9. Enumerate the qualities of a good leader.

10. Explain the excellence and mediocrity.

11. Develop a mindset that aspires for excellence in every endeavor.
Leadership and Excellence

o Definition of the concepts.

o Leadership 101

o Excellence vs. Mediocrity




Book report
Discussion


1.5 hours


Long Quiz





12. Reassess the career choice they made.

13. Formulate a life goal that shall serve as a guiding light in their endeavors.
Career and Goal Setting

o Definition of the concepts

o Goal-setting as vital to success

Lecture on career pathing

1.5 hours

Graded Recitation


Final Mass Examination














TEXTBOOKS:


 Life Application Bible. Michigan: Tyndale House Publishers, Inc.

 The Holy Bible (New International Version). USA: International Bible Society



REFERENCES:


 Andrez, Thomas Quintin D. Understanding Values. Quezon City: 12th Impression New Day Publishers. c. 2002

 Bauzon, Prisciliano. Essentials of Values Education, 2nd ed. Pasig City: Capitol Publishing House, c. 2002

 Maxwell John. Leadership 101.

 Panopio, Isabel S. and Realidad S. Rolda. Sociology and Anthropology: An Introduction. Quezon City: JMC Press Inc. c. 2000

 Resurrecion, Rex. Called to Excel. Makati: Church Strengthening Ministry of Foreign Mission Board, SBC, Inc., c. 2004.

 Timbreza, Florentino T. Filipno Values Today. Navotas, Metro Manila: Navotas Press, c. 2003

 Tyndale’s New Living Translation Bible. Illinois: Tyndale House Publishers, Inc.

 Wong, David W.F. Make Them Laugh Help Them Learn. BAC Printers. c. 2002.










JOURNALS and ELECTRONIC REFERENCES:


 Freaky Frieda’s FRIENDSHIP PAGE (internet)
 http//www.living_alues.net
 http//www.Insightsforliving.com
 James Harvey Stout website http//stout.mybravenet.com/public
 Leong, Edna Sue. 10 Keys to College Success. OMF Literature, Inc.
 WNU Student Handbook, West Negros University, Bacolod City











Revised by: Reviewed by: Recommending Approval: Approved by:


ALLAN U. GEAGONI, MPA MERCIA ANN M. APOSTOL, MA.Ed. NONY A. DESCUTIDO, Ph. D. JOEL M. VALENCIA, DM
Professor Area Chair Dean Vice President for Academic Affairs

VAED 111 COURSE OUTLINE

WEST NEGROS UNIVERSITY

City of Bacolod

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

Course No. : VAED 111 Revision Date : June 2, 2008

Descriptive Title : HUMAN AND FILIPINO VALUES Effectivity : S. Y. 2008 - 2009

Credit Units : ( 3 ) units

Course Description : This course is designed to assist students to discover, develop and enhance their personal values. It tackles the basic human values as well as the distinct Filipino values and its relevance and significance in the light of the teaching from the Bible and other values–related literatures. It includes studies that would help the students become aware of their relationship with God and the community he lives.

General Objectives :

1. This course is intended to assist students to discover and understand that every individual has his own set of values that are developed through the influence of his family, religious affiliation and surroundings.

2. The students will understand that the popular values of the society may vary over a period of time and that the absolute standards for values are those set by Christ himself.

OBJECTIVES AND VALUES	CONTENTS AND REFERENCES	ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS	TIME TABLE	EVALUATION
With the guidance and facilitation of teachers, students should be able to: § Get acquainted to the school premises and facilities. § Appreciate the thrust of the school to help conserve the environment.	o Orientation and Campus Tour (Main and ERORECO Campuses)	Tour around the school campus and the Eco-garden and Mini – Zoo. Seminar of Environmental Issues	3 hours	Personal narrative report on learning.
PRELIM
OBJECTIVES AND VALUES	CONTENTS AND REFERENCES	ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS	TIME TABLE	EVALUATION
1. Briefly discuss the history of WNU. 2. State the vision, mission, and objectives of WNU and recognize the values learned from such. 3. Sing the Alma Mater song correctly from memory. 4. Identify the Administrative Personnel of the school.	LESSON I o WNU History o WNU Vision, Mission and Institutional Objectives o Alma Mater Song o The School Administrators	Lecture and Discussion	1.5 hours	Quiz and graded recitation
5. Give the definition of society, culture and values. 6. Describe the Filipino Society. 7. Cite the different components and aspects of society. 8. Identify the elements of culture 9. Appreciate the beauty and uniqueness Filipino culture, traits and values.	LESSON II Society, Culture and Values o Definition of society, culture and values by different sociologists o The Filipino society o Elements of culture o An Overview of Filipino Culture and Traits	Lecture and Group Discussion Research work. Clippings on Filipino customs, tradition and values.	3 hours	Group Reporting Research Output Long Quiz

UNDERSTANDING VALUES AND THE VALUING PROCESS

General Objectives:

1. The lessons are intended to help every WESNECAN student discover their personal and interpersonal values.

2. The students will realize that their values influence their choices and decisions and hence have to clarify them.

OBJECTIVES AND VALUES	CONTENT AND REFERENCE	ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS	TIME TABLE	EVALUATION
10. Explain the concept of value. 11. Identify the value indicators. 12. Identify the indicators of their personal values.	LESSON III Values and Value Indicators o Definition of values by different sociologists o The Value Indicators	Discussion	1.5 hours	Quiz
12. Present a clear view of the seven criteria of the valuing process. 13. Show how each criterion can be applied in determining a value. 14. Identify the elements of values and their influence in the person’s decision making process.	LESSON IV The Valuing Process o The Valuing Criteria/Process o The Elements of Values	Lecture and Storytelling Group Discussion	1.5 hours	Graded recitation Graded group activity
15. Understand the nature of values in order to show the essence of their personal values. 16. Identify the properties, classification hierarchy and conflicts of values. 17. Identify the different values of some Asian philosophers.	LESSON V Understanding Values o The Properties of Values o The Classification of Values o The Hierarchy of Values o The Conflicts of Values o The Oriental Man in Search of Values	Lecture and Discussion Clippings from Magazines/ Reaction papers	3 hours	Long Quiz Readings and Reaction Papers. Prelim Examination

FILIPINO VALUES

General Objectives :

1. The lessons are intended to help every WESNECAN student discover their personal and interpersonal values that are basically Filipino.

2. The students will realize that there are values that are ambivalent and hence have to clarify them.

MIDTERM
OBJECTIVES AND VALUES	CONTENT AND REFERENCE	ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS	TIME TABLE	EVALUATION
1. Identify the ways Filipinos show the spirit of cooperation and helpfulness esp. in times these values are needed. 2. Develop the attitude of helpfulness and good relationships in his community.	LESSON VI Bayanihan Spirit o Discussion of the Concept o Reading about Bayanihan o Biblical Lessons on cooperation	Discussion Testimony sharing	1.5 hours	Quiz
3. Understand the concept of pagkakaisa and pakipagkapwa-tao. 4. Affirm that this value will enable the students to stand strong and support the programs of the community for the common good of the citizens. 5. Strengthen their national consciousness.	LESSON VII Pagkakaisa & Pakipagkapwa-tao o Discussion of the Value o The Value of Human Fellowship	Film Showing Group Discussion on some proverbs related to Pagkakaisa	1.5 hours	Oral recitation
6. Recall the events Filipino encountered and surpassed, and the source of strength to go on with life. 7. Appreciate and apply this value especially in tough times.	LESON VIII Resilience and Perseverance o Discussion of the Value o Stories of Filipino’s struggle and success	Classroom discussion Clippings	1.5 hours	Quiz
OBJECTIVES AND VALUES	CONTENT AND REFERENCE	ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS	TIME TABLE	EVALUATION
8. Exercise standing for the truth with courage, honesty and sincerity. 9. Appreciate the Filipino way of valuing dignity over material things.	LESSON IX Pagkatao (Personal Integrity) o The concept of Pagkatao expressed in different Filipino cultural groups o Biblical lessons on Personal Integrity.	Group dynamics	1.5 hours	Observation of Value application
10. Apply the Filipino character traits that are commendable as a citizen. 11. Understand the beauty of hospitality and the ways Filipino overdo/abuse it.	LESSON X Hospitality o Definition of the concept o The Filipino ways of showing hospitality o How hospitality is practiced to a fault	Role playing Discussion	1.5 hours	Graded performance
12. Cite ways to show patriotism and nationalism. 13. Identify the attitudes that hinder the Filipino quest for national development. 14. Perform willingly their duties above their personal good and interest being members of the Filipino society.	LESSON XI Nationalism and Patriotism o Definition of the concepts o Readings on nationalism o Hindrances to nationalism o Biblical lessons on nationalism & patriotism	Discussion News update	1.5 hours	Graded group discussion
15. Differentiate the three forms of Filipino reciprocity. 16. Learn to express their gratitude and appreciation of whatever favor they receive. 17. Understand that this value while good could also be abused.	LESSON XII Utang-na-loob (Reciprocity) o Definition of the concept o Readings on Reciprocity o Forms of Reciprocity	Classroom discussion Role Playing	1.5 hours	Long Quiz Midterm Mass Examination
SEMI-FINAL
OBJECTIVES AND VALUES	CONTENT AND REFERENCE	ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS	TIME TABLE	EVALUATION
1. Explain the concept of “pakikisama” as a value among Filipinos. 2. Answer set of questions related to this concept.	LESSON XIII Pakikisama o Definition of the concept o Social implications of the value of “Pakikisama” o Biblical Perspective of Pakikisama.	Lecture	1.5 hours	Quiz
3. Discuss the concept of “panata” in the Filipino context. 4. Cite concrete examples on how this value is being practiced by Filipinos. 5. Understand the Biblical view of “vow” or “covenant”	LESSON XIV Panata o Definition of the concept o Biblical Perspective of Vow o The Practice of “panata” as a Filipino Value	Group discussion	1.5 hours	Graded recitation
6. Define the practice of “swerte” among Filipinos. 7. Demonstrate situations where belief in “swerte” influences the decision-making endeavors of Filipinos. 8. Learn Biblical truths about “swerte”	LESSON XV Swerte o Definition of the concept o The Philosophical Concept of Determinism and the Filipino belief on “swerte”	Group dynamics	1.5 hours	Quiz
OBJECTIVES AND VALUES	CONTENT AND REFERENCE	ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS	TIME TABLE	EVALUATION
9. Define the term “Bahala Na” in the context of the Filipino culture. 10. Cite concrete examples of the positive and negative effects of the practice of this concept among Filipinos. 11. Differentiate between “Bahala na” as fortitude and as “que sera sera”.	LESSON XVI Bahala Na o Definition of the concept o “Bahala na” and the concept of God’s will differentiated o Divine Providence (Bathala na) and “Bahala na” in contrast	Panel Discussion	1.5 hours	Quiz Graded recitation
12. Demonstrate how crab mentality is being practiced among Filipinos. 13. Cite situations where this practice becomes harmful to both self and others.	LESSON XVII Crab Mentality o Definition of the concept o Crab mentality as a negative value o The impact of the value in the establishment of relationship among Filipinos. o Crab mentality and the Quest for nationhood.	Film Review	1.5 hours	Reaction paper
14. Discuss the concept of “hiya”. 15. Present a clear view of the Filipino concept of”hiya”. 16. Differentiate between “hiya” as shame and as propriety. 17. Illustrate situations where the practice of the concept can be positive or negative.	LESSON XVIII Hiya o Definition of the concept o Hiya as “propriety” and as “shame” o The Biblical Implications of the Value	Book Review	1.5 hours	Quiz
OBJECTIVES AND VALUES	CONTENT AND REFERENCE	ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS	TIME TABLE	EVALUATION
18. Explain the meaning concept of “gulong ng palad”. 19. Cite situations where this concept is being valued by Filipinos. 20. Know the Biblical principle of blessing.	LESSON XIX Gulong Ng Palad o Definition of concept o The Filipino fatalism and “Gulong ng Palad” o Biblical concept of the blessed life.	Role Playing Film Showing “Gulong ng Palad”	1.5 hours	Long Quiz Semi-Final Examination
FINAL
1. Define Lagay, Lusot and Lakad. 2. Comprehend how these phenomena operate in our culture. 3. Know the Biblical principles regarding lagay, lakad and lusot.	LESSON XX Pinoy(?) Trilogy of Maneuvers o Definition of Lagay, Lakad & Lusot o Reflections on some Biblical Character	Role playing Discussion	1.5 hours	Graded recitation
4. Define the term respect. 5. Appreciate the Filipino gesture of respect. 6. Learn the different ways of showing respect to authorities.	LESSON XXI Mano Po o Definition of respect o The Filipino ways of showing respect o Biblical principles of showing respect	Discussion	1.5 hours	Quiz
OBJECTIVES AND VALUES	CONTENT AND REFERENCE	ACTIVITIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS	TIME TABLE	EVALUATION
6. Define the terms used. 7. Appreciate the old Filipino tradition of courtship. 8. Compare the Filipino love affairs and practices in the different eras.	LESSON XXII Harana, Pamanhikan, Paninilbihan o Definition of Terms o The Old Filipino Culture of Courtship o The Modern Filipino Love Affairs	Discussion	1.5 hours	Clippings
9. Define the term ningas cogon. 10. Explain how ningas cogon affects every Filipino corporate endeavor. 11. Justify how ningas cogon is beneficial or detrimental as a value.	LESSON XXIII Ningas Cogon o Definition of Ningas Cogon o Ningas Cogon and the Filipino Activities o Reflection on the Value of Ningas Cogon	Group Dynamics Buzz Session	1.5 hours	Compilation of Filipino Values and Culture
12. Define the term fiesta. 12. Explain how important fiesta and other festivals are to the Filipino culture. 14. Rationalize the positive and negative consequences of having fiesta and other festivals. 15. Compare Filipino festivals with those in the Bible.	LESSON XXIV Fiesta and Other Pinoy Festivals o Definition of fiesta / festival o The Different Festivals in The Philippines o The Biblical view of festivals and rites	Discussion Research paper	1.5 hours	Graded Research Paper Long Quiz Final Mass Examination

TEXTBOOKS:

@ Andrez, Thomas Quintin D. Understanding Values. Quezon City: 12th Impression New Day Publishers. c. 2002

@ Rilloma, Nestor C. Keeping the Legacy: Reflections on Filipino Values. Manila: Philippine Publishing House, c. 2004.

@ Timbreza, Florentino T. Filipno Values Today. Metro Manila: Navotas Press, c. 2003.

REFERENCES:

@ Bauzon, Prisciliano. Essentials of Values Education, 2^nd ed. Pasig City: Capitol Publishing House, c. 2002

@ Maxwell John. Leadership 101.

@ Panopio, Isabel S. and Realidad S. Rolda. Sociology and Anthropology: An Introduction. Quezon City: JMC Press Inc. c. 2000

@ Resurrecion, Rex. Called to Excel. Makati: Church Strengthening Ministry of Foreign Mission Board, SBC, Inc., c. 2004.

@ Timbreza, Florentino T. Filipno Values Today. Navotas, Metro Manila: Navotas Press, c. 2003

@ Tyndale’s New Living Translation Bible. Illinois: Tyndale House Publishers, Inc.

@ Wong, David W.F. Make Them Laugh Help Them Learn. BAC Printers. c. 2002.

JOURNALS and ELECTRONIC REFERENCES:

§ Freaky Frieda’s FRIENDSHIP PAGE (internet)

§ http//www.living_values.net

§ http//www.Insightsforliving.com

§ James Harvey Stout website http//stout.mybravenet.com/public

§ Leong, Edna Sue. 10 Keys to College Success. OMF Literature, Inc.

§ WNC Student Handbook, West Negros College, Bacolod City

Revised by: Reviewed by: Recommending Approval: Approved by:

ALLAN U. GEAGONI, MPA MERCIA ANN M. APOSTOL, MA.Ed. NONY A. DESCUTIDO, Ph. D. JOEL M. VALENCIA, DM

Professor Area Chair Dean Vice President for Academic Affairs